{"text":[[{"start":6.36,"text":"The good news for Scott Bessent, the prickly US Treasury secretary, is that he has established control over one of the world’s most challenging financial markets, seemingly imposing his will against the odds where many before him have failed. The bad news is that this is not at home but in Japan."}],[{"start":24.04,"text":"Currency market specialists are still reeling from the news at the very end of July that the US had, under the direction of Bessent, stepped into Japan’s long-running battle with a worryingly weak yen. Bilateral currency market interventions are vanishingly rare, especially in chunky currencies such as this — the third most actively traded in the world."}],[{"start":44.12,"text":"But Bessent threw his weight behind the Japanese authorities, which had been buying yen to try to fluff up its value, with the Treasury selling euros, somewhat bizarrely, to buy some yen of its own. The amounts involved were quite small, somewhere in the order of $500mn — a large sum of money in real life but pocket change in the vast global currency markets. Still, what the intervention lacked in size, it delivered in shock factor."}],[{"start":69.32,"text":"Bessent has taken some heat over this highly unusual move including, perhaps predictably, from US senator Elizabeth Warren. The Treasury secretary gave her “sciolistic” letter short shrift. (I had to look it up too. It means superficial, or amateurish.) He offered to give her a tutorial in “Foreign Exchange for Dummies”. But even analysts steeped in the inner workings of the market questioned how this joint effort to support the yen would work without a meaningful shift towards much higher Japanese interest rates."}],[{"start":null,"text":"
"}],[{"start":97.6,"text":"Nonetheless, just to judge the US intervention on its own terms, it has worked. The yen now stands about 6 per cent stronger than it was at the end of July. Every nudge higher in the currency causes a flutter of excitement about whether the Treasury is stepping back in, with or without the Japanese authorities at its side."}],[{"start":115.4,"text":"Other forces are at play here — a jolt higher in Japanese interest rate expectations and possibly also a pick-up in domestic purchases of homegrown government bonds. But Bessent can also take credit for helping to turn the currency around."}],[{"start":128.4,"text":"Indeed, he did just that this week, reiterating at an event that he has superior information to the masses in markets around what the Bank of Japan will do next — an unusual form of forward guidance. “I am the house now,” he said. “You can bet against me if you want.” I’m willing to bet this line will stick to him for the rest of his days, like Mario Draghi’s “whatever it takes” but with the added gloss of slick American bravado."}],[{"start":155.2,"text":"The problem, though, is that as the Treasury secretary has himself articulated, he is fighting a battle on two fronts. As he explained to Warren, one driving force behind his yen intervention was the risk Japan could reach for “forced unwinds” of its US government bond holdings to prop up the yen “which could destabilise global markets and ultimately raise borrowing costs for American families and businesses”."}],[{"start":179.7,"text":"If keeping borrowing costs for ordinary Americans is the aim here, then the performance is more patchy, particularly with the benchmark 10-year US government bond. It slid in price pretty hard this week, pushing up its yield by almost 0.2 percentage points, taking the benchmark borrowing cost above 4.95 per cent for the first time in three years. If it cracks meaningfully above 5 per cent (still an “if”) then that would be the first time since before the financial crisis in 2007. Thirty-year yields are also at a lofty level above 5.3 per cent, again the highest since before the crisis."}],[{"start":218.26,"text":"As usual, a range of factors is behind this latest painful ascent in borrowing costs, some beyond the Treasury secretary’s control. They include a fresh burst higher in oil prices, driven by the latest intensification in the US war with Iran. US oil prices are back above $100 a barrel, and diesel at the pump is retailing for about $6 a gallon, all bolstering already persistent inflation in a way that is likely to demand higher interest rates."}],[{"start":245.06,"text":"The real cure for America’s battle with high yields lies in a large pullback in government spending, or higher taxes, or both. But again, the administration appears in no immediate mood for austerity — President Donald Trump this week pledged to give every American a “dividend” of $5,000 if the Republicans prevail in November’s midterm elections — a move that the Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget said would cost $1.2tn, or more than 3.5 per cent of GDP. Even if the proposal goes nowhere, it is not exactly a signal of a commitment to fiscal rectitude."}],[{"start":280.306,"text":"But an additional nudge came from the underwhelming scale of upsized bond buybacks that the Treasury announced last month. The $6bn of buybacks was below the $10bn expected."}],[{"start":292.52,"text":"The intervention in the yen has, as Bessent says he intended, helped an ally in need. But Trump’s foreign and domestic policy is pulling the other way on US bonds. In inviting adversaries to take him on, and declaring himself to be the “house”, Bessent might want to remember the Trump casinos that have gone bankrupt."}],[{"start":314.72,"text":""}]],"url":"https://audio.ftcn.net.cn/album/a_1789171287_8766.mp3"}