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Daniel Naroditsky, the American chess grandmaster and streamer who cultivated the game’s digital renaissance, has died aged 29. One of modern chess’s most respected teachers and commentators, he was familiar to many players from their computer screens, where he sat in big headphones behind a microphone, his shelves packed with chess books.
丹尼尔•纳罗迪茨基(Daniel Naroditsky)，这位推动棋界数字复兴的美国国际象棋特级大师兼主播，于29岁逝世。作为当代国际象棋最受尊敬的教师和评论员之一，他以电脑屏幕上的形象为众多棋手所熟悉：头戴大号耳机，对着麦克风讲话，身后书架上摆满了棋书。
The ancient game has been transformed into an e-sport in recent years, driven by the emergence of talented players and personalities like Naroditsky, who livestream their matches and lessons on the internet.
近年来，这项古老的游戏在天才选手以及纳罗迪茨基等人物的推动下，转型为电子竞技；他们在互联网上直播对局和教学。
A speed-chess specialist, he had an uncanny ability to simultaneously play and talk about playing, unpicking knotty positions in real time and with a novelist’s ear for animating the board. He liked to discuss the “fertile preconditions” for an attack, describing certain opening sequences as “zesty”, or a knight fighting to protect a bishop “with its last breath”.
作为快棋高手，他有一种近乎不可思议的本领：边下边解说，实时拆解盘中疑难，还像小说家般对叙述的节奏极其敏锐，三言两语便能把棋盘讲活。他喜欢讨论发动进攻的“肥沃土壤”，把某些开局顺序称作“带劲”，也会形容一枚骑士为守护主教而“拼到最后一口气”。
Naroditsky, who went by Danya, was born on November 9 1995 in San Mateo, California. The son of immigrants from Ukraine and Azerbaijan, he learnt to play chess from his older brother when he was six years old.
人称丹亚(Danya)的纳罗迪茨基于1995年11月9日出生于加利福尼亚州圣马特奥(San Mateo)。他是来自乌克兰和阿塞拜疆的移民之子，六岁时从哥哥那里学会了下棋。
“With chess it was almost this palpable electricity that I felt,” he explained. “You’re totally in control of your own fate. There’s no luck factor. It’s you and the pieces.” A prodigy, he won prestigious youth tournaments, including a California schools championship, grade-level national competitions and the under-12 world championship. Aged 18, he became a grandmaster, the game’s highest title. He graduated in history from Stanford University.
“下棋时我几乎能感到一种触手可及的电流感，”他解释道。“你的命运完全由自己掌控。没有运气成分。只有你和棋子。”他是位神童，赢得了多项重量级青少年赛事的冠军，包括加州学校锦标赛、按年级划分的全美比赛以及U12世界锦标赛。18岁时，他成为国际象棋特级大师，这是棋坛的最高头衔。他在斯坦福大学(Stanford University)获得了历史学学位。
In hundreds of earnest and erudite videos, Naroditsky taught with the edge of an elite player and the humility of a friend. “Even grandmasters can get super sloppy,” he said. Attuned not only to strategy and tactics but also to pedagogy, he had a large virtual classroom — broadcasting to hundreds of thousands of subscribers on YouTube and Twitch. He wrote a column for Chess Life and offered puzzles based on historic games at the New York Times. As a teenager, he wrote two books, covering positional ideas and complex endgames.
在数百个既认真实诚又博学的视频中，纳罗迪茨基以顶尖棋手的锋芒与朋友般的谦逊授课。他说：“即便是特级大师也会犯大错。”他不仅敏于布局与算度，也注重教学法，因而拥有庞大的线上课堂——在 YouTube 和 Twitch 上向数十万订阅者直播。他为《Chess Life》撰写专栏，并在纽约时报(New York Times)公司基于历史对局提供棋题。还是青少年时，他就写了两本书，内容涵盖布局理念与复杂残局。
Though it seemed to come easily to him, he was sympathetic about the game’s difficulty, particularly for beginners. “You need extreme patience because, more so than in any other game, you’re going to suck for a while,” he told the New York Times.
尽管他似乎学得很轻松，但他对这款游戏的难度表示理解，尤其是对初学者而言。他对《纽约时报》表示：“你需要极大的耐心，因为比起其他任何游戏，你会有一段时间表现得很差。”
In 2020, Naroditsky moved to North Carolina. He served as a coach and “resident grandmaster” at the Charlotte Chess Center, teaching the area’s top junior players.
2020年，纳罗迪茨基搬到北卡罗来纳(North Carolina)。他在夏洛特国际象棋中心(Charlotte Chess Center)担任教练和“驻馆特级大师”，指导当地最优秀的青少年棋手。
The Financial Times interviewed Naroditsky at the elite Candidates tournament in Madrid in 2022, where he was providing live commentary for Chess.com. Bubbly but tired, he had been up all night playing speed chess with one of the competitors.
英国《金融时报》于2022年在精英“候选人赛”马德里站采访了纳罗迪茨基，当时他正在为国际象棋网(Chess.com)做现场解说。他性格活泼却显得疲惫，因为前一整晚都在和一位参赛选手下快棋。
In the final months of his life, Naroditsky was forced to battle insinuations of cheating levelled by the Russian former world champion Vladimir Kramnik. For two years, Kramnik has been engaged in an anti-cheating campaign that also ensnared other prominent chess figures.
在生命的最后几个月里，纳罗迪茨基被迫应对俄罗斯前世界冠军弗拉基米尔•克拉姆尼克(Vladimir Kramnik)对其作弊的含沙射影的指控。两年来，克拉姆尼克一直在开展反作弊运动，期间也波及到其他知名棋界人物。
“This is a sustained, evil and absolutely unhinged attempt to destroy my life,” Naroditsky said on a podcast last October. The game’s international governing body said this week it was investigating Kramnik, citing bullying as “a particularly serious concern”. Kramnik has denied wrongdoing. “I have not bullied Daniel Naroditsky, nor ever made personal insults towards him,” he told Reuters. Kramnik posted on X that he hoped the “real truth about the circumstances and cause of this tragedy will be revealed, despite all attempts to hide it”.
“这是一次持续的、邪恶且完全失控的企图，目的是毁掉我的人生。”丹尼尔•纳罗迪茨基去年10月在一档播客中表示。该项目的国际管理机构本周表示，正在调查克拉姆尼克，并称欺凌是“一个尤其严重的问题”。克拉姆尼克否认有任何不当行为。“我没有欺凌丹尼尔•纳罗迪茨基，也从未对他进行人身侮辱。”他对汤森路透表示。克拉姆尼克在X上发文称，他希望“尽管有人试图掩盖，关于这场悲剧的来龙去脉与真正原因的真相终将大白”。
Fellow streamers and grandmasters mourned Naroditsky and celebrated his contributions to the game. Levy Rozman, the streamer known as GothamChess, described him as “exceptional” and “brilliant” and called for “justice”. Magnus Carlsen, the world number one, said he had spent many hours watching Naroditsky’s videos and called his death “a great loss”. The two played chess together on Carlsen’s wedding night.
其他主播与特级大师们纷纷悼念纳罗迪茨基，并称颂他对这项运动的贡献。主播“GothamChess”列维•罗兹曼(Levy Rozman)称他“非凡杰出”，并呼吁“伸张正义”。世界第一马格努斯•卡尔森(Magnus Carlsen)表示，他曾花许多小时观看纳罗迪茨基的视频，并称他的离世是“一大损失”。两人曾在卡尔森的新婚之夜一同对弈。
He leaves behind a trove of recorded lessons and an enormous history of play — the Chess.com history for DanielNaroditsky contains 140,646 games.
他留下了大量录制课程和海量对局历史——国际象棋网上“丹尼尔•纳罗迪茨基”(DanielNaroditsky)的对局记录多达140,646盘。
Naroditksy was visibly distraught in his final livestream as he recounted the recent toll on him. Chess and his reputation, he said, were all he had. But in a video dated October 17, he began, “I’m back better than ever”, saying that after a creative break he was planning future content. Pulling a rare chess book off his shelf he launched into a history of the English and Sicilian openings. “Hopefully this is interesting,” he said. It was.
在最后一次直播时，纳罗季茨基显得极为沮丧，细数近来给他带来的种种打击。他说，自己仅剩的只有棋与名声。可在10月17日发布的一段视频里，他开场便说：“我回来了，比以往更好。”他表示，经过一段创作间歇，已在筹划后续内容。随即他从书架抽下一本罕见的棋书，讲起英语开局与西西里防御的历史。“希望这有意思，”他说。确实如此。
“Rest in peace Danya, the best chess teacher that the internet has ever seen,” reads one typical comment.
“安息吧，丹亚——互联网有史以来最出色的国际象棋老师。”一条典型的评论如此写道。